Mastiff

Breed Type: Working
Common nicknames: Old English Mastiff, English Mastiff, Alaunt
Coat: Double
Hypoallergenic: No, they will likely trigger allergies.
Temperament: Loyal, protective, affectionate, calm
Life expectancy: 6-10 years
Color & patterns:
Hero image
Mastiff - blue
Mastiff - fawn
Mastiff - dark fawn
The Mastiff is one of the largest breeds in the world, renowned for their imposing size and strength — but while they may look intimidating, these loyal and affectionate dogs are actually quite laid-back and low-energy, preferring to lounge around with their family rather than run around all day. These gentle giants are even commonly used as therapy dogs due to their calming presence. This breed has a rich history dating back to ancient times when they were used as war dogs and protectors of livestock. Mastiffs are still popular as family pets, and their impressive size and calm demeanors make them a great choice for families with children. Their intelligence also makes them easy to train and fun to be around.

Mastiff characteristics

Learn about about Mastiff basics like their fur colors, shedding levels, how much grooming they need, and other Mastiff facts.

Average height

27-30 inches (68.6-76.2cm)

Average weight

128-200 pounds (58.1-90.7 kg)

Average lifespan

6-10 years

Exercise needs
Low-key activityHigh-energy workouts
Grooming needs
OccasionallyFrequently
Full-grown size
Teeny tinySuper size
Good with cats
Likely to chaseHey, new pal!
Good with kids
Needs lots of supervisionEager to play
Training Aptitude
HeadstrongEager to please
Do Mastiffs drool?

Yes, Mastiffs drool, which is a common trait among many large and giant dog breeds. The amount of drool can vary, but many Mastiffs produce significant amounts of saliva, especially after eating or drinking or when they are excited or hot. Regularly wiping their mouths and providing access to fresh water can help manage drool in Mastiffs.

Do Mastiffs shed?

Yes, Mastiffs shed, but the extent of shedding varies depending on factors such as coat type and the season. Mastiffs have a short, dense coat that sheds moderately throughout the year, with increased shedding typically occurring during seasonal changes. Regular grooming and brushing can help minimize loose hair and reduce shedding in Mastiffs.

Are black Mastiffs rare?

Yes, black Mastiffs are rare compared to other coat colors such as fawn or apricot. While black may appear in Mastiff coats, it’s not as common as other colors within the breed. Black Mastiffs may have a solid black coat or black markings or patches on a lighter base color.

What color are Mastiffs?

Mastiffs can be colors including fawn, apricot, brindle, and sometimes a combination of these colors. These colors may appear with or without a black mask or darker markings on the face or body.

What are the biggest Mastiffs?

The biggest Mastiffs are English Mastiffs. Some male English Mastiffs weigh over 200 pounds and stand over 30 inches tall. Other large Mastiff breeds include the Tibetan Mastiff and the Neapolitan Mastiff, though they typically don’t reach the same extreme sizes as the English Mastiff.

How big do Mastiffs get?

Mastiffs weigh between 120 and 230 pounds and stand around 27 to 30 inches tall, with males being bigger than females. Mastiffs are one of the largest dog breeds in terms of both weight and height.

What does a Mastiff dog look like?

Mastiff dogs have a large, muscular build with a broad head, powerful jaws, and a deep chest. They have a short coat that can come in various colors, often with a darker mask around the face.

How long do Mastiffs live?

Mastiffs live between six and 10 years. But like any breed, individual longevity can vary based on factors such as genetics, diet, exercise, and overall health care.

What is a Mastiff?

A Mastiff is a large and powerful dog breed known for its massive size, muscular build, and gentle temperament. Mastiffs have historically been prized for their loyalty and protective instincts.

How many Mastiff breeds are there?

There are four main Mastiff breeds, including the English Mastiff, Tibetan Mastiff, Bullmastiff, and Neapolitan Mastiff. These breeds vary in size, temperament, and historical roles but are all considered part of the Mastiff family.

When do Mastiffs stop growing?

Mastiffs stop growing between 18 and 24 months. They may continue to fill out and develop muscle until they are around three years old.

Is a Great Dane a Mastiff?

No, a Great Dane is not a Mastiff. While both Great Danes and Mastiffs are large, powerful dogs, they belong to different breed groups. Great Danes belong to the “Working Group,” while Mastiffs belong to the “Mastiff Group.”

Is a Rottweiler a Mastiff?

No, a Rottweiler is not a Mastiff. Rottweilers belong to the “Working Group” of dog breeds, while Mastiffs belong to the “Mastiff Group.” While both breeds are large and powerful with protective instincts, they have distinct differences in terms of appearance, temperament, and historical roles.

Mastiff history

Learn about where this Mastiff came from!

What were Mastiffs bred for?

Mastiffs were originally bred for guarding estates, castles, and livestock, as well as for use in battle and hunting big game such as boar and bear. Their imposing size, strength, and protective instincts made them well-suited for these roles.

Where are Mastiff dogs from?

Mastiff dogs originated in England. They are one of the oldest and largest dog breeds, with a history dating back thousands of years.

Mastiff temperament

Learn about about the Mastiff temperament and how well they fit into your lifestyle, home environment, and family.

Are Mastiffs good with kids?

Yes, Mastiffs can be good with kids when their pet parents properly socialize and train them. They are gentle, patient, and protective by nature, but due to their large size and strength, supervision is always recommended when they interact with young children to prevent accidental knocks or injuries. Children should also be taught how to respect and interact with the dog appropriately.

Are Mastiffs good family dogs?

Yes, Mastiffs are good family dogs for the right households. They are friendly and protective, making them devoted companions and natural guardians. However, due to their large size and protective instincts, early socialization and proper training are important to make sure they interact well with all family members, including children and other pets. As with any breed, it is recommended that your child is always supervised when interacting with your dog to keep both the child and dog safe. Teaching children how to properly approach and handle dogs is crucial to ensure positive experiences for both the dog and the child, as is teaching dogs how to interact gently with children.

Are Mastiffs aggressive?

No, Mastiffs are not aggressive by nature, but they have protective instincts due to their history as guardians and working dogs. Proper socialization, training, and responsible pet parenting are essential to ensure that these instincts are channeled appropriately and the dog remains well-behaved.

If you are concerned by any signs of aggression or reactivity in your dog, be sure to address it promptly with the help of a professional trainer or behaviorist. Pain, discomfort, or underlying medical conditions can sometimes contribute to changes in a dog’s behavior, so it may also be worth visiting a vet to rule out their health as a cause for their behavior.

Are Mastiffs easy to train?

Yes, Mastiffs can be easy to train if the right training methods are used. They are intelligent and eager to please, which can make them relatively trainable. However, they also have an independent streak and may be stubborn at times, especially if they sense inconsistency or lack of leadership.

Training any dog takes substantial time and effort, regardless of breed. Consistent, positive reinforcement-based training methods, early socialization, and firm yet gentle guidance are key to successfully training Mastiffs.

Are Mastiffs good dogs?

Yes, Mastiffs can be good dogs for the right pet parents. They are loyal, gentle, and affectionate companions known for their calm and steady temperament. However, due to their large size and protective instincts, they require proper training and socialization to ensure they behave well in various situations.

Do Mastiffs bark a lot?

No, Mastiffs don’t bark a lot. They tend to be calm and reserved, only barking when necessary, such as to alert their pet parents to potential threats or unfamiliar situations. However, like any breed, individual temperament and behavior can vary, so some Mastiffs may be more vocal than others.

Are Mastiffs good with cats?

Yes, Mastiffs can be good with cats if introduced and socialized from a young age. Their gentle nature and laid-back temperament often make them compatible with other household pets, including cats. However, individual temperament and behavior can vary, so careful supervision and gradual introductions are recommended to make sure Mastiffs and cats get along.

Are Mastiffs good with other dogs?

Yes, Mastiffs can be good with other dogs when properly socialized and trained. They have a calm and friendly demeanor, but due to their large size and potential for dominance, early socialization and supervision are essential to prevent conflicts.

Are Mastiffs smart?

Yes, Mastiffs are smart. They are quick learners and can understand commands and tasks with consistent training and positive reinforcement. While they may not always exhibit high levels of obedience like some other breeds, Mastiffs often demonstrate problem-solving abilities and a good sense of their surroundings.

Are Mastiffs good guard dogs?

Yes, Mastiffs are good guard dogs. Their large size, protective instincts, and natural tendency to be wary of strangers can serve as a deterrent to potentially threatening situations.

Are Mastiffs good house dogs?

Yes, Mastiffs can make good house dogs for the right households. They are calm, gentle, and affectionate, but due to their large size and potential for drooling and shedding, they may not be the best fit for all living situations. Providing them with adequate space, exercise, and attention, along with proper training and socialization, can help ensure they thrive as house dogs.

Can a Mastiff be a service dog?

Yes, Mastiffs can potentially be trained to work as service dogs, depending on their temperament, health, and individual abilities. While they may not be as commonly used for service work as some other breeds, their intelligence, loyalty, and calm demeanor can make them good candidates for certain types of service tasks, such as mobility assistance or emotional support.

Are Mastiffs good apartment dogs?

No, Mastiffs are not good apartment dogs due to their large size and need for ample space to move around comfortably. They also have a tendency to drool and shed, which may not be ideal for apartment living. Some Mastiffs may be able to adapt to apartment living if given enough exercise and attention.

Do Mastiffs like to cuddle?

Yes, Mastiffs like to cuddle. Their gentle and affectionate nature makes them inclined to seek out close contact with their family members, including cuddle sessions.

Do Mastiffs need a lot of exercise?

No, Mastiffs don’t need a lot of exercise, but they still benefit from regular physical activity to maintain their health and well-being. Moderate daily exercise, such as walks, playtime, or short bouts of activity, is usually enough to meet their needs.

Mastiff health

Learn about about the Mastiff health outlook and what diseases they may be prone to at various stages of their life.

What health problems do Mastiffs have?

Mastiffs have some health problems they’re more prone to, including:

  • Hip dysplasia: Hip dysplasia is a hereditary condition where the hip joint doesn’t develop properly, leading to instability and degeneration over time. This can result in pain, lameness, and mobility issues, particularly as the dog ages. Management may involve medication, weight management, physical therapy, or surgical intervention.

  • Cystinuria: Cystinuria is an inherited kidney defect where the kidneys do not properly filter the amino acid cysteine. The body does not properly reabsorb cysteine, which causes kidney and bladder stones. If the stones are left untreated, they can create fatal urinary blockages. Symptoms of cystinuria are similar to a regular urinary tract infection and include frequent attempts to urinate without much coming out and blood in the urine.

  • Gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV): Also known as bloat, GDV is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the stomach fills with gas and twists on itself. This can rapidly lead to shock and death if not treated promptly. GDV requires immediate veterinary attention, and preventative measures such as feeding smaller meals, avoiding exercise after meals, and using elevated feeding bowls may help reduce the risk.

  • Ectropion and entropian: Ectropian is the rolling outward of the eyelid; Entropion is a condition where the eyelid rolls inward, causing the eyelashes to rub against the cornea, leading to irritation, pain, and potential damage to the eye. Surgical correction may be necessary to alleviate discomfort and prevent long-term complications.

  • Osteosarcoma: Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that commonly affects large and giant breeds like Mastiffs. It typically manifests as lameness, swelling, and pain in the affected limb. Treatment may involve amputation of the affected limb followed by chemotherapy.

  • Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM): DCM is a heart condition where the heart muscle becomes weak and unable to pump blood effectively. It can lead to symptoms such as coughing, lethargy, and difficulty breathing. Management may involve medications to support heart function and improve quality of life. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing DCM and prolonging the dog’s lifespan.

Are Mastiffs hypoallergenic?

No, Mastiffs are not hypoallergenic. They have a short coat that sheds moderately year-round, which can release dander into the environment. Dander, saliva, and urine are common allergens associated with dogs, so individuals with allergies to dogs may still experience symptoms around Mastiffs.

Popular Mastiff mixes

Breeds that mix with Mastiffs include Boxers and Great Danes. Other breeds that mix well with Mastiffs include:

  • Boxmas (Mastiff + Boxer)

  • Daniff (Mastiff + Great Dane)

  • English Mastweiler (Mastiff + Rottweiler)

  • Maspyr (Mastiff + Great Pyrenees)

Mastiff Mixes picture

Find Mastiff puppies near you

Adopting a Mastiff

Learn about acquiring a Mastiff - the pros and cons of adopting versus going through a breeder, and associated costs.