Keeshond

Breed Type: Non-Sporting
Common nicknames: Kees, Smiling Dutchman, Dutch Barge Dog, Wolfspitz
Coat: Double
Hypoallergenic: No, they will likely trigger allergies.
Temperament: Gentle, patient, playful, affectionate
Life expectancy: 12-15 years
Color & patterns:
Hero image
Keeshond - black and silver
Keeshond - gray cream and black
Keeshond - gray cream and black
Keeshonds are known for their friendly and outgoing natures (they’re always ready to greet you with a wagging tail), cheerful dispositions, and exceptional companionship and loyalty. These medium-sized dogs have long been cherished for their ability to bring joy and comfort to their people — they were first bred in the Netherlands as companions and watchdogs on barges and have even earned the nickname the “Smiling Dutchman.” They’re excellent learners and eager participants in various activities, including games of fetch, long walks, or even snuggle sessions on the couch.

Keeshond characteristics

Learn about about Keeshond basics like their fur colors, shedding levels, how much grooming they need, and other Keeshond facts.

Average height

17-19 inches (43.2-48.3cm)

Average weight

28-60 pounds (12.7-27.2 kg)

Average lifespan

12-15 years

Exercise needs
Low-key activityHigh-energy workouts
Grooming needs
OccasionallyFrequently
Full-grown size
Teeny tinySuper size
Good with cats
Likely to chaseHey, new pal!
Good with kids
Needs lots of supervisionReady to play
Training aptitude
HeadstrongEager to please
Can a Keeshond dog be shaved?

No, Keeshond dogs should not be shaved unless there is a specific medical reason or under the guidance of a veterinarian. The Keeshond’s double coat serves as insulation, keeping the dog cool in summer and warm in winter. It also offers the dog protection from sunburn, insect bites, and minor skin injuries. 

Shaving a double-coated dog like a Keeshond can disrupt the natural growth and shedding cycle of their coat, and might also lead to irregular coat regrowth with patches or uneven texture. Shaving can affect the dog’s ability to regulate body temperature, potentially causing discomfort in both hot and cold weather.

Do Keeshond dogs shed?

Yes, Keeshond dogs shed moderately throughout the year with seasonal heavier shedding known as “blowing” their coat twice a year, typically in the spring and fall. To manage their shedding, Keeshonden require regular grooming, including weekly brushing and occasional bathing.

What color is a Keeshond?

The Keeshond’s coat color is a mixture of gray, black, and cream. The coloration may vary from light to dark. The hair of the outer coat is tipped in black, which creates shading of color. Keeshonden have a facial mask—a distinctive black pattern around their eyes called “spectacles.”

How big do Keeshond dogs get?

Keeshond dogs are medium-sized, with most weighing between 35 and 45 pounds and standing around 17 to 18 inches tall at the shoulder. Keeshonden have a sturdy and well-balanced build.

When do Keeshonden stop growing?

Keeshonden typically stop growing in height between 12 and 18 months of age. However, they might continue to fill out and gain muscle mass until they are about two years old.

How long do Keeshonden live?

Keeshonden typically live for about 12 to 15 years. This lifespan can vary depending on genetics, diet, exercise, and overall care.

How to pronounce Keeshond?

The word “Keeshond” is pronounced as “KAYSS-hawnd.” To break it down, “Kees” sounds like “case” (rhymes with “ace”), and “hond” sounds like “hawnd’ (rhymes with “fond”).

Is the Keeshond rare?

No, the Keeshond is not rare, but it is not among the most common dog breeds either. In the United States, the Keeshond is recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) and is relatively well-known among dog enthusiasts. However, they are not as commonly seen as more popular breeds like Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers, or German Shepherd Dogs.

Keeshond history

Learn about where this Keeshond came from!

What are Keeshonds bred for?

The Keeshond was originally bred to be a watchdog on small boats and barges traveling the canals and rivers of the Netherlands in the 18th century. Keeshonden (the plural of Keeshonds) were also valued as family companions. Their friendly and affectionate nature made them popular pets among the Dutch people.

Where is the Keeshond from?

The Keeshond is from the Netherlands. This breed is closely associated with Dutch culture and history, especially during the late 18th century when it became a symbol of the Dutch Patriot movement. The breed’s name is derived from “Kees,” a common nickname for Cornelis, which was linked to one of the Patriot leaders, Kees de Gyselaer.

Keeshond temperament

Learn about about the Keeshond temperament and how well they fit into your lifestyle, home environment, and family.

Do Keeshond dogs bark a lot?

Yes, Keeshond dogs bark to alert their pet parents to strangers or unusual sounds. They can also be prone to barking when left alone for too long, as they prefer to be with their human companions. Each Keeshond has their own tendencies when it comes to barking, and some might naturally be more vocal than others. Like many breeds, Keeshonden might bark more if they are bored or not sufficiently exercised. Providing them with physical exercise and mental stimulation can help reduce their tendency to bark out of boredom. Teaching them when it’s appropriate to bark and providing positive reinforcement for quiet behavior can be effective.

Are Keeshonden good family dogs?

Yes, Keeshonden are good family dogs. They are good-natured, affectionate, devoted dogs who prefer to be around their humans as much as possible. Keeshonden are playful and lively, which can make them enjoyable companions for families, especially for active households that can provide them with exercise and mental stimulation.

Are Keeshonden good with cats?

Yes, most Keeshonden are good with cats, but their compatibility often depends on individual personalities and early socialization. Introducing a Keeshond to cats from a young age can help them learn to coexist peacefully. Proper supervision and positive interactions during this period can establish a harmonious relationship.

Like many dogs, Keeshonden have a natural prey drive, and this instinct might lead some to chase smaller animals, including cats. However, training your Keeshond to understand and respect boundaries with the cats, as well as basic obedience commands, can help prevent conflicts and promote positive interactions.

Are Keeshond dogs hard to train?

No, Keeshonden are not hard to train, but they need the right approach. Keeshonden are intelligent and can learn behaviors relatively quickly. However, like many spitz-type breeds, Keeshonden can have an independent streak, so they might choose to do things their own way or test boundaries. Keeshonden are sensitive dogs, and they respond best to gentle, positive reinforcement methods. Harsh or heavy-handed training techniques can be counterproductive.

Are Keeshond dogs good with other dogs?

Yes, most Keeshond dogs are good with other dogs. Friendly and sociable, Keeshonden often enjoy the company of other dogs. Early and ongoing socialization is crucial for Keeshonden to develop good social skills with other dogs. Exposing them to different dogs from a young age can help them learn appropriate behaviors and communication cues.

Are Keeshonden good apartment dogs?

Yes, Keeshonden are good apartment dogs under certain conditions, depending on the pet parent’s commitment to meeting their needs. They are not excessively large, but they do need enough space to move around comfortably and require daily exercise to stay healthy and happy. A spacious apartment or sufficient access to outdoor exercise areas (like parks) and opportunities for physical activity are beneficial.

Keeshonden can be vocal, especially when they are bored, lonely, or alerting their pet parents to something. This can be problematic in an apartment setting, but proper training and mental stimulation can help manage excessive barking.

Finally, Keeshonden are social dogs who thrive on companionship and interaction with their families. They won’t do well if left alone in an apartment (or any other home) without sufficient mental stimulation and attention.

Are Keeshond dogs smart?

Yes, Keeshond dogs are smart dogs. They belong to the spitz family of breeds, which are known for their intelligence and problem-solving abilities. They typically pick up new commands and behaviors relatively quickly when trained using positive reinforcement methods. Keeshonden are also adaptable dogs who readily learn to navigate new surroundings and respond appropriately to changing circumstances.

Do Keeshonden like to cuddle?

Yes, most Keeshonden like to cuddle. Keeshonden are friendly and sociable dogs that form strong bonds with their families. They often show their affection through cuddling, leaning against their people, or resting close by.

Can Keeshond dogs swim?

Yes, Keeshond dogs can swim. Keeshonden were historically used as watchdogs on boats, so they were often around water. Due to this background, many Keeshonden have a natural inclination and ability to swim. 

However, while some Keeshonden may take naturally to water, others might need encouragement. Early exposure to water, gradual introduction, and positive reinforcement can help build confidence. Always respect their comfort level; not all Keeshonden enjoy swimming, and some might prefer to wade rather than swim in deep water.

Are Keeshond dogs good at agility?

Yes, some Keeshond dogs are good at agility with proper training and encouragement. Keeshonden are intelligent dogs who can learn agility exercises and courses relatively quickly. They are natural athletes and respond well to positive reinforcement training. Agility requires teamwork between the dog and handler, and Keeshonden enjoy participating in activities with their pet parents, making them attentive and responsive partners on agility courses. They also enjoy the physical and mental stimulation that comes from training for agility.

Are Keeshonden Velcro dogs?

Yes, Keeshonden are often considered Velcro dogs, a term that refers to dogs who are highly affectionate and form strong bonds with their people, often wanting to be close to them or even following them from room to room. Of course, the level of “Velcro” behavior can vary between individual dogs.

Are Keeshonden good with kids?

Yes, Keeshonden are good with kids when they are properly socialized and trained. Friendly and affectionate, Keeshonden typically have a steady temperament. They are gentle and patient, even in potentially chaotic situations with children. They also have a playful side that can match the energy and curiosity of children well. They enjoy interactive play and can be entertaining companions for kids. 

As with any breed, pet parents and parents of children should always supervise interactions between kids and dogs to keep both safe. Teaching children to respect any dog’s space and boundaries and training your dog in basic obedience can enhance their relationship and ensure safety.

Keeshond health

Learn about about the Keeshond health outlook and what diseases they may be prone to at various stages of their life.

What health problems does the Keeshond have?

Keeshonden are generally healthy dogs, but like all breeds, they are prone to certain health conditions. Health problems Keeshonden are prone to include:

  • Hip dysplasia: This is a common orthopedic condition in many dog breeds, including Keeshonden. It occurs when the hip joint doesn’t develop properly, leading to arthritis and lameness.

  • Elbow dysplasia: Like hip dysplasia, this occurs when the elbow joint doesn’t develop properly, leading to joint instability and arthritis.

  • Patellar luxation: This is a condition where the kneecap (patella) can dislocate or move out of its normal position, causing pain and lameness.

  •  Addison’s Disease: Addison’s disease, also known as hypoadrenocorticism, is caused by a malfunction in the hormone production of the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are small glands near the kidneys that are responsible for a variety of body functions, such as controlling salt, sugar, and water balance in the body. In Addison’s disease, the body is unable to create enough cortisol. Without cortisol, a dog cannot manage stress or digest food properly. Dogs with Addison's disease may suffer from weakness, an abnormally fast heart rate, depression, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and excessive thirst and urination. Your vet can test your pup to detect Addison’s disease and provide long-term medication.

  • Cushing’s disease: This condition occurs when the body produces too much cortisol. It can be caused by an imbalance of the pituitary or adrenal gland, but in some cases, a dog will develop too much cortisol from other conditions. Common signs are excessive drinking and urination, increased hunger, hair loss, obesity, and bruising. If your Keeshond exhibits some of these symptoms, take her to the veterinarian. Cushing’s disease can be treated with surgery and medication.

  • Diabetes mellitus: Keeshonden are prone to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes is a complex disease that prevents the body from properly regulating blood sugar levels. It is caused either by a lack of the hormone insulin or an inadequate response to insulin. Insulin allows the body to use glucose (sugar) for energy or to store for later use. Improper insulin levels will cause excessive urination and thirst, increased appetite, cataracts, and weight loss. Though Diabetes is a serious illness, it can be controlled by diet and insulin medication.

  • Epilepsy: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that can lead to recurrent seizures. It can have a genetic component, meaning that some Keeshonden might inherit a predisposition to epilepsy.

  • Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA): This is a genetic eye disorder that can lead to progressive vision loss and blindness.

  • Hypothyroidism: This is a thyroid malfunction that results in low hormone production and could cause obesity, low energy, and a brittle coat.

Are Keeshond dogs hypoallergenic?

No, Keeshond dogs are not hypoallergenic. They have a double coat that sheds moderately throughout the year, with heavier shedding occurring typically twice a year during seasonal changes. If allergies are a concern, spend time with adult Keeshonden to assess your sensitivity to the dog’s dander and fur before bringing one home.

Are Keeshond dogs prone to seizure?

No, while Keeshond dogs can have seizures, they are not specifically known for a high incidence of seizures compared to some other breeds. Seizures can be caused by epilepsy, or by other factors such as head trauma, toxins, metabolic disorders, or infections. It’s important for a veterinarian to evaluate the dog to determine the underlying cause if seizures occur.

Popular Keeshond mixes

Some common breeds that are mixed with Keeshonden include:

  • Great Keeshees (Keeshond + Great Pyrenees)

  • Keeshdoodle (Keeshond + Poodle)

  • Neahond (Keeshond + Neapolitan Mastiff)

Keeshond Mixes picture

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Adopting a Keeshond

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