Border Collie

Breed Type: Herding
Common nicknames: Collie
Coat: Wavy, double
Hypoallergenic: No, they will likely trigger allergies.
Temperament: Intelligent, affectionate, energetic, agile
Life expectancy: 12-15 years
Color & patterns:
Hero image
Border Collie - black and white
Border Collie - chocolate and white
Border Collie - merle
Border Collie - merle
Border Collie - merle
Border Collie - Tri-color
Border Collies are not your average fetch enthusiasts; these pups are whip-smart, full of energy, and always up for a mental challenge. Renowned for their natural herding instincts and unparalleled ability to learn and follow commands, Border Collies’ sharp minds and quick thinking make them perfect candidates for various activities and sports, such as obedience trials, agility courses, and even advanced tricks. Whether you’re looking for a working partner, a competitive teammate, or a loyal companion, the Border Collie is an ideal choice.

Border Collie characteristics

Learn about about Border Collie basics like their fur colors, shedding levels, how much grooming they need, and other Border Collie facts.

Average height

18-21 inches (45.7-53.3cm)

Average weight

31-53 pounds (14.1-24.0 kg)

Average lifespan

12-15 years

Exercise needs
Low-key activityHigh-energy workouts
Grooming needs
OccasionallyFrequently
Full-grown size
Teeny tinySuper size
Good with cats
Likely to chaseHey, new pal!
Good with kids
Needs lots of supervisionReady to play
Training aptitude
HeadstrongEager to please
Do Border Collies have webbed feet?

Yes, Border Collies have webbed feet, but their webbing is less pronounced than that of water-retrieving breeds. While they are not primarily water dogs, the Border Collie’s webbed feet can be an advantage when they encounter wet terrain or need to cross bodies of water.

Can you shave a Border Collie?

No, you should never shave a Border Collie. It’s unnecessary and harmful as their double coat is essential for regulating their body temperature and protecting their skin. Shaving can disrupt this natural insulation, making them more susceptible to temperature extremes. Fur also tends to grow back irregularly after shaving, leading to issues with their coat’s texture and appearance.

Are Border Collies double coated?

Yes, Border Collies are double coated; their double coat consists of a dense, insulating undercoat and a coarser, weather-resistant outer coat. The undercoat provides warmth and helps regulate their body temperature, while the outer coat acts as a protective barrier against the elements. Proper grooming and maintenance are essential to keeping their coat healthy and in good condition.

Do Border Collies shed?

Yes, Border Collies shed a moderate to heavy amount year-round but shed more than usual in the Spring and Fall in preparation for the upcoming seasonal changes. During this period, they will lose their thick, wooly undercoat; this process is known as “blowing their coat.”

There isn’t anything you can do to stop their shedding, but regular brushing will typically keep your Border Collie’s shedding under control and can help reduce the amount of hair they drop around your home.

How big do Border Collies get?

On average, Border Collies weigh between 30 and 55 pounds and stand around 18 to 22 inches tall at the shoulder, with males typically larger than females. These medium-sized dogs have an athletic build.

What colors do Border Collies come in?

Border Collies come in more than 17 colors, but they are most commonly black with white markings. Other common base coat colors outside of black include gold, sable, blue merle, brown, and red.

  • Black: Black Border Collies have a coat that is predominantly black, with white patches on their head, neck, chest, feet, and tail.

  • Red: Red Border Collies appear in different tones of red. Red is one of the most common colors seen in this breed.

  • Blue: Thanks to a gene that dilutes black coloring, the blue coat on blue Border Collies is actually a progressive ash gray.

  • Blue merle: The blue merle Border Collie has a white chest with a gray base coat that has patches of black on their ears, face, back, and tail.

  • Brindle: Brindle is a striped tiger-like pattern that is a normal coat pattern in purebred Border Collies.

  • Gold: Gold Border Collies, also sometimes called blondes, have a coat color most commonly associated with Golden Retrievers.

  • Lilac: Lilac Border Collies are actually red with a gene that dilutes their pigment. They appear somewhat purple in natural light.

  • Red merle: Red merle Border Collies have a red base coat, some white markings on their chest, face, neck, and tails, and random dark patches.

  • Sable: Sable is a pattern associated with a tan or red coat with black tips on each hair.

How long do Border Collies live?

Border Collies live between 12 to 15 years. These sturdy dogs are generally healthy and aren’t prone to many serious health problems. Feeding your pup a high-quality diet, keeping up with regular exercise, and scheduling routine veterinary checkups go a long way to keeping the Border Collie in optimal health.

When do Border Collies stop growing?

Border Collies stop growing in height around 12 months of age. However, they’ll continue to grow in terms of muscle and body mass for several more months until around 15 months of age.

Are Border Collies hypoallergenic?

No, Border Collies are not hypoallergenic. Border Collies produce allergens in their skin, fur, and saliva, which triggers allergies in individuals sensitive to dogs. If you have allergies and are considering a Border Collie, it’s essential to spend time with them to see how your allergies react before bringing them into your home.

Border Collie history

Learn about where this Border Collie came from!

Where are Border Collies from?

Border Collies originate from the border between Scotland and England. Their name comes from the invaluable service they provided to shepherds with massive flocks of sheep in the area. First known as "Scotch Sheep Dogs," Border Collies have existed for over 100 years.

Border Collie temperament

Learn about about the Border Collie temperament and how well they fit into your lifestyle, home environment, and family.

Are Border Collies good with kids?

Yes, Border Collies are a good choice for families. When raised with proper training and socialization, Border Collies make excellent companions for children. However, these pups have very strong herding instincts, so an undertrained Border Collie may try to herd very small children. Therefore, it's best for pet parents to start positive reinforcement training for these habits early.

As with any breed, it is recommended that your child is always supervised when interacting with your Border Collie to keep both the child and dog safe. Teaching children how to properly approach and handle dogs is also crucial to ensure positive experiences for both the dog and the child.

Are Border Collies aggressive?

No, Border Collies are not aggressive dogs. These friendly pups do have plenty of energy to burn, though, and without proper exercise, they may exhibit behavioral issues. While any dog breed can potentially exhibit aggression, Border Collies are generally known for their gentle and friendly nature.

If you are concerned by any signs of aggression or reactivity in your dog, be sure to address it promptly with the help of a professional trainer or behaviorist. Pain, discomfort, or underlying medical conditions can sometimes contribute to changes in a dog’s behavior, so it may also be worth visiting a vet to rule out their health as a cause for signs of aggressive behavior.

Do Border Collies bark a lot?

Yes, Border Collies are barkers. Their herding dog instincts make them highly alert, so their bark is rarely triggered without reason. They will often bark when they are hungry, excited, bored, playful, lonely, or in need of attention. Of course, every dog is different, so some Border Collies may bark more than others, and considering their high intelligence, Border Collies can be discouraged from barking with proper training and exercise.

Do Border Collies howl?

Yes, Border Collies will howl in communication, social bonding, and response to certain sounds. While the breed isn’t known for its howling, they are definitely capable of it and can even be trained to howl on cue.

How fast can a Border Collie run?

Border Collies are one of the fastest dog breeds and can reach impressive speeds of up to 30 miles per hour. Their exceptional speed and agility make them excellent at dog sports, where quick movements and precise control are required.

Do Border Collies like to cuddle?

Yes, Border Collies are affectionate and enjoy cuddling with their humans. They often form strong bonds and like to be close to their pet parents. But just like people, each Border Collie is unique, so others may be more independent.

Are Border Collies good service dogs?

Border Collies make great service dogs because of their innate problem-solving abilities and trainability. Border Collies can excel in roles such as assistance dogs for people with disabilities. These high-energy dogs need time to mature, though, and their suitability depends on their individual temperament.

When do Border Collies calm down?

Border Collies start to calm down at around two to three years old. As they mature, they often become more manageable and focused, making them easier to train and live with. However, Border Collies are known for their high energy levels and can remain quite active well into late adulthood.

Are Border Collies protective?

Yes, Border Collies are protective of their families. They may show protective behaviors by staying close to their people or alerting them to potential dangers. Their herding instincts can lead to intense staring, crouching, or positioning themselves between their family and a perceived threat. These actions are not aggressive but rather a way for them to assess and manage a situation to keep their loved ones safe.

Are Border Collies smart?

Border Collies are widely considered the smartest dog breed. They possess amazing problem-solving abilities, which is a key factor in their success as herding dogs. One Border Collie named Chaser gained fame as one of the most intelligent dogs in the world; she could understand and respond to over a thousand different words and phrases.

Are Border Collies good family dogs?

Yes, Border Collies have what it takes to make wonderful family dogs. They tend to form incredibly deep bonds with their people and are very affectionate towards their families.

However, these high-energy pups require active pet parents who can keep them busy with plenty of physical and mental exercise. Border Collies do not like being cooped up, and it’s important to keep their exercise needs in mind before you bring a Border Collie home to your family, especially if you live in a smaller home or apartment. Plan on spending at least two hours a day outdoors and exercising your dog.

Do Border Collies like water?

Yes, many Border Collies love water and quickly take to swimming. Their natural athleticism and active nature mean they’re generally big fans of water-related games and sports, even if their coat isn’t as water-resistant as a Labrador’s. However, individual preferences vary, so not all Border Collies may be equally enthusiastic about water activities.

Are Border Collies good with cats?

Yes, Border Collies can get along well with cats. With proper socialization, training, and supervision, many Border Collies can become fast friends with cats (or at least learn to live with them).

However, Border Collies are a high-energy, strong breed whose herding instinct can sometimes lead to them chasing smaller animals. They’ll need proper training and boundaries to live harmoniously with a feline. Introducing a Border Collie to cats from a young age and ensuring positive interactions can help foster a peaceful coexistence.

Are Border Collies high maintenance?

Border Collies are one of the most high-maintenance dog breeds. They need a lot of physical exercise, mental stimulation, and social interaction. Because Border Collies require a bigger commitment from pet parents than most other dog breeds, they aren’t ideal for first-time pet parents.

Are Border Collies easy to train?

Yes, Border Collies are one of the easiest dog breeds to train with positive reinforcement. These intelligent dogs love learning and are very eager to please, making them highly trainable. The high-energy dogs excel in obedience and agility training and do well with a job.

But don’t be misled by the “easy to train” label. Even highly trainable dogs take substantial time and effort to train.

Border Collie health

Learn about about the Border Collie health outlook and what diseases they may be prone to at various stages of their life.

Do Border Collies have health issues?

Border Collies are fairly healthy dogs, but there are a few health issues they are more prone to developing. Some of the most common health problems for Border Collies include:

  • Hip and elbow dysplasia: Two of the most common skeletal diseases seen in Border Collies. They are similar diseases in which the joint has grown abnormally. The abnormal shape prevents the joints and sockets from properly meeting one another, resulting in rubbing and grinding instead of sliding smoothly.

  • Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA): PRA is a group of genetic diseases that affect the retina. They are progressive degenerative diseases and will eventually cause blindness in both eyes.

  • Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD): This condition causes improper cartilage growth in the joints. The lack of cartilage properly covering the bone creates stiffness in the joint to the point that a dog becomes unable to bend their elbow.

  • Collie eye anomaly (CEA): This congenital defect causes abnormalities or unusual changes in the eye.

  • Others: Cancer, seizures, allergies, and compulsive behavioral issues are also a concern in this breed.

Popular Border Collie mixes

Various breeds mix with Border Collies, resulting in combinations of traits from both parent breeds. Mixed-breed Border Collies are quite popular and include:

  • Border Jack (Border Collie + Jack Russell Terrier)

  • Bordoodle (Border Collie + Poodle)

  • Golden Border Retriever (Border Collie + Golden Retriever)

  • Border Heeler (Border Collie + Blue Heeler)

Border Collie Mixes picture

Find Border Collie puppies near you

Adopting a Border Collie

Learn about acquiring a Border Collie - the pros and cons of adopting versus going through a breeder, and associated costs.